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Peptide Encyclopedia

A clinical, evidence-graded monograph for every peptide.

The Peptide Encyclopedia is our A-Z reference of individual peptide monographs. Each entry covers what a peptide is, how it works, the strength of the human and preclinical evidence behind it (graded A-D), the doses and routes reported in the literature, its documented risks, and its current FDA and anti-doping status — every claim tied to a real, verifiable source. It is the reference spine of the site, written for readers who want the clinical record rather than the hype.

Peptide Encyclopedia

Zinc-Thymulin: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on zinc-thymulin — the zinc-dependent thymic nonapeptide marketed as a topical hair-growth peptide. One small open-label human trial, solid zinc-biomarker biology, no RCT, and an unsettled 2026 legal status.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 11 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

VIP (Aviptadil): Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and its synthetic form aviptadil (Zyesami/RLF-100) — a mechanistically compelling neuropeptide whose largest, best-controlled human trials in COVID-19/ARDS failed.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 11 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Tirzepatide: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on tirzepatide — the dual GIP/GLP-1 co-agonist sold as Mounjaro and Zepbound. Grade-A RCT evidence for diabetes, obesity and sleep apnea, with a boxed warning and a tightening 2026 compounding landscape.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 13 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Vilon (Lys-Glu): Evidence, Mechanism & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on Vilon — the synthetic Lys-Glu dipeptide bioregulator marketed for immune and longevity support. Rodent and in-vitro signals only, no human RCT, and no legal compounding pathway in 2026.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 10 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Thymosin Beta-4: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4) — the actin-sequestering repair peptide with a real, decades-long human-trial record in ocular, dermal and cardiac repair. Grade B human evidence, no FDA-approved product, and an unsettled 2026 legal status.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 12 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Thymulin (FTS): Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on thymulin — the zinc-dependent thymic nonapeptide (facteur thymique serique). Real T-cell biology, two small 1980s rheumatoid-arthritis RCTs, otherwise preclinical, and an unsettled 2026 legal status.

By Elena Soto, PharmD 11 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Ac-SDKP (Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment): Evidence, Mechanism & Status

A clinical monograph on Ac-SDKP (goralatide/seraspenide), the N-terminal tetrapeptide fragment of thymosin beta-4. Human chemoprotection data (Grade B), preclinical-only anti-fibrosis, and a WADA-prohibited 2026 status.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 11 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Thymosin Alpha-1: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on thymosin alpha-1 (Zadaxin/thymalfasin) — an immune-calibrating thymic peptide with real human RCTs in hepatitis B, a negative phase 3 sepsis trial, and an unsettled 2026 US legal status.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 12 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Thymogen (Oglufanide): Evidence, Mechanism & Status

A clinical monograph on Thymogen / oglufanide / IM-862 (Glu-Trp) — the rare bioregulator peptide tested in real human RCTs. A Grade-A negative oncology result, a Grade-B human VEGF effect, and weakly-evidenced 'immune support' claims.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 11 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Thymalin: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on Thymalin — the calf-thymus immune bioregulator from Khavinson's lab. Real human trial data graded B, a single-lineage evidence base, and a non-FDA-approved 2026 status.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 12 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Tesofensine: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on tesofensine (NS2330) — the triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor sold through gray-market 'peptide' channels for weight loss. Real Phase 2 RCT data, no approval anywhere, and WADA-prohibited in 2026.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 11 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Tesamorelin: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on tesamorelin (Egrifta / EGRIFTA WR) — the FDA-approved GHRH analog with genuine Grade-A human RCT evidence for visceral fat in HIV lipodystrophy, and an unproven non-HIV anti-aging market.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 12 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

CJC-1293: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on CJC-1293 — an abandoned albumin-binding GHRH analog from the ConjuChem program that produced CJC-1295. No dedicated human data exist; the evidence grade is D, and it is explicitly banned by WADA.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 10 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Teriparatide: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on teriparatide — recombinant human PTH(1-34), the first bone-anabolic osteoporosis drug. Grade A RCT fracture data, a clear anabolic mechanism, and a 2026 status with no controlled-substance restrictions.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 12 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

TB-500: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on TB-500 — the synthetic thymosin β4 fragment (Ac-LKKTETQ) marketed for tendon, muscle and tissue repair. Strong preclinical biology, no human efficacy RCT of the fragment, and an unsettled 2026 legal status.

By Elena Soto, PharmD 11 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

SYN-AKE: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on SYN-AKE (Dipeptide Diaminobutyroyl Benzylamide Diacetate, Tripeptide-3) — the snake-venom-mimetic 'Botox-in-a-jar' topical peptide. Strong in-vitro receptor data, modest sponsor-run human data, and no independent RCT of the isolated peptide.

By Elena Soto, PharmD 10 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

Survodutide: Evidence, Mechanism, Dosing & Legal Status

A clinical monograph on survodutide (BI 456906) — the investigational once-weekly GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist. Grade A randomized evidence in obesity and MASH, but not approved anywhere as of mid-2026.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 12 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

SS-31 (Elamipretide): Evidence, Mechanism & FDA Status

A clinical monograph on SS-31 / elamipretide (Forzinity) — the cardiolipin-binding, mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide. First FDA-approved for Barth syndrome in 2025, yet negative on every other large trial's primary endpoint.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 12 MIN READ
Peptide Encyclopedia

SNAP-8 (Acetyl Octapeptide-3): Evidence, Mechanism & Status

A clinical monograph on SNAP-8 (Acetyl Octapeptide-3) — the topical "needle-free Botox" cosmetic peptide. An elongated Argireline with a plausible SNARE-competing mechanism, but only manufacturer claims and one combination-product human trial behind it.

By Marcus Feld, PharmD, BCPS 10 MIN READ

Frequently asked about Peptide Encyclopedia

What is a peptide monograph?

A peptide monograph is a single, structured reference page for one peptide. On PeptideVox each monograph covers identity and chemistry, mechanism of action, the indication-by-indication evidence (each graded A-D), reported dosing and routes from the literature, safety and contraindications, and current legal and anti-doping status. Every efficacy claim carries an evidence grade and an inline citation to a real study, regulatory document, or trial registry so you can check the source yourself. The format is informational and editorial — it is not medical advice.

How are peptides graded for evidence?

PeptideVox grades every efficacy claim on an A-D scale. Grade A means human randomized controlled trials or meta-analyses support the claim; grade B means lower-tier human evidence such as cohort or open-label studies; grade C means preclinical only (animal or in-vitro) with no qualifying human efficacy data; and grade D means anecdotal, mechanistic-only or marketing claims with no controlled evidence. Grading is deliberately conservative — preclinical promise never earns an A or B, and the grade always reflects the human-evidence level when human and animal data conflict.

Is the encyclopedia a buying guide?

No. The encyclopedia is strictly informational and editorial. It does not recommend vendors, link to sellers of unapproved peptides, or tell you how to source or self-administer anything. Dosing figures are reported only as they appear in the published literature and clinical or anecdotal use, for completeness — never as a protocol to follow. Many peptides covered here are not FDA-approved, are sold as "research chemicals not for human use," and may be prohibited in sport. Always consult a licensed clinician before any health decision.

Medical Disclaimer · Read in full

PeptideVox is an evidence reference, not medical advice. Nothing here authorizes you to acquire, possess, or self-administer any compound.

01 · Not FDA-approved

The majority of compounds documented here are not approved by the FDA for human use. Approved drugs (e.g. semaglutide, tirzepatide) are noted explicitly and require a licensed prescriber.

02 · Research chemicals

Many peptides — including BPC-157 and GHK-Cu in injectable form — are sold strictly "for research use only — not for human consumption." Purity, identity, and dosing of such products are not regulated or guaranteed.

03 · WADA-prohibited

Several compounds are banned in competitive sport under the WADA Prohibited List. Athletes risk sanction regardless of intent or formulation.

04 · Consult a clinician

Always consult a qualified, licensed healthcare professional before considering any compound. Individual risk depends on your full medical context.

This content is for informational and educational purposes only · No physician–patient relationship is created · Evidence grades reflect published data as of the stated revision and may change.